Ice-machine



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IGE MACHINE. v No. 315,499. Patented Apr. 14, 1885.

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W. H. HANEY.

IGE MACHINE.

Patented Apr. 14, 1885.

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UNITE STATES PATENT OFFICE.

wILLIAM H. HANEY, oFoINoInnA'rI, OHIO.

ICE-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 315,499, dated April 14, 1885.

Application filed January 12, 1885. (No model.)

T 0 ctZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. HANEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oincinnati, Ohio, have invented new and useful Improvements in Ice-Machines. of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to ice-machines of the class operated upon the compression principle, its object being to improve the same in respect to the construction and arrangement of the compression cylinders-and pistons, as hereinafter fully described, whereby a perfect and constant lubrication of the moving parts is secured, and the valves and parts requiring frequent inspection and adjustment are rendered more accessible.

Mechanism embodying my invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical elevation of the compression-cylinders and their immediate connections, the cylinders and one of said pistons being sectionedto exhibit the construction; Fig. 2,v a plan view of the pistonhead,with its upper plate removed; Fig. 3, a plan View of said removed plate; Fig. 4, an axial section of the piston-head, and Fig. 5 a detail section of one of the valve-seats, ex hibiting the construction and arrangement of the 'valve.

The parts hereinafter referred to are designated in the drawings by the letters of referonce.

A A, as shown in the drawings, designate the compression-cylinders of a compression ice-machine; B B, the pistons connected by piston-rods m, pitmen a2, and cranks as, with the counter-shaft 0, receiving driving-power through the spur-gear y from a steam or other motor. (Not shown.) Ordinarily in machines of this class the compression-valves are arranged in separate chambers exteriorly attached to the cylinder, which arrangement is objectionable, not only on account of the expense of construction and the difficulty of access for inspection, repairs, &c., but as practically enlarging the area of the compressioncylinder and preventing the obtaining ,of a perfect vacuum in the operation of the piston. Again, in the operation of compression-cylinders with the ordinary refrigerants proper further secured by a pin.

lubrication is difficult and the ordinarymeans for this purpose ineffective. To avoid the first-mentioned objection, I construct the cylinder A with a valve-plate, p, seated in a recess formed at the upper end of the cylinder in the inner periphery of the shell upon a suitable packing washer or gasket,t0 preserve a perfect joint, which plate is perforated at convenient points and provided with lift valves '0, closing the perforations, a sufficient space being left between the upper head, a, of the cylinder and the plate 10 to permit the due operation of the valves. The piston B consists of an ordinary cast ring provided with grooves for packing, with radial webs 1) con necting it with a central hub, in which the piston-rod is seated, by screw-threads, and

This ring is surmounted by a plate, bolted to the webbed ring at d d,-provided with valve-apertures h 71, arranged to open between the webs, (preferably four in number,) the apertures being closed by lift-valves v, guided by their down-projecting stems s in perforated crossguides g. The form of the valves and seats is shown in Fig. 5. The valves are assisted in their seating by springs t, acting upon a collar, r, at the lower extremity of the valve-stem projectingbeyond the guides. The valves are arranged so that when seated their upper sides coincide with the flush surface of the plate 10, and the plate constitutes the plane upper surface of the piston, so that when at the upper end of its stroke it may all but touch the under surface of the plate 12, leaving practically no room for gases or air,

and thus producing a more perfect vacuum' when again depressed. The construction thus described, as will be obvious on inspection of the drawings, posseses material advantages in respect to accessibility of the valves, for, on removing the upper head, a, of the cylinder, the plate 12 and its valves are exposed, and by removing the plate 2 the upper plate, 12, of the piston and its valves are rendered accessible. Further, by removing the plate 12 of the piston access may be had to the induction-valve a at the lower end of the cylinder. These removals may be quickly and easily made, and thus all the valves are brought within convenient access for regrinding or other'repairs.

Upon its under side the piston B is recessed, its marginal ring projecting below the hub. At the inner side of this ring, near the bottom, is formed an annular groove, 6, hollowed to constitute a trough, and communicating with the exterior of the periphery by numerous radial apertures, f, whence oil caught in the trough flows outward to lubricate the ex terior of the piston and the interior surface of the cylinder. In connection with the piston so constructed I elevate the mouth of the induction-pipe D above the bottom of the cylinder, thus constituting the bottom of the cylinder a receptacle for oil, into which the lower marginal ring of the piston dips at each downst-roke. The lower edge of the marginal ring is curved or beveled, as shown, to assist the flow of oil into the central recess of the piston, so that in rising within the annular ring when displaced in the lower receptacle, it may fill the trough c, and, as the piston rises, distribute itself along the sides of the cylinder by means of the perforations f, thus maintaining a perfect and constant lubrication, and materially reducing the power required to operate the compression apparatus. It will be observed that the upper margins of the webs connecting the hub and peripheral ring of the piston are curved beneath the plate 1), thus affording a free communication between the chambers formed between the webs and plate and equalizing the pressure upon the valves. A further feature of importance consists in the seating of the plate v without fastening, so that in case the piston should from any cause move too high in its upward stroke the plate p would be lifted from its seat without injury to any of the parts.

Thus an extremely close fit may be maintained without danger, and a practically perfect vacuum obtained in the operation of the piston.

I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States 1. In an icemachine of the class designa ted, a removable plate or false head seated at the upper end of and within the compressioncylinder, and provided with lift-valves, substantially as and for the purpose indicated.

2. In an ice-machine of the class designated, in combination with the compression-cylinder provided with the removable valve-plate p, a perforated piston, B, provided with lift-valves o, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In combination with the compressioncylinder of an ice-machine of the class designated, a piston constructed,as described, of a hollow webbed ring and a removable valveplate seated thereon, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In an ice-machine, a compression-cylinder provided with an oil-receptacle at its lower end, and a piston having an extended lower peripheral edge adapted to immerse in said receptacle, provided interiorly with a groove or trough communicating with the external periphery, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

\VILLIAM H. HANEY. \Vitnesses:

L. M. HOSEA. CARROLL B. CARR. 

